Combination-padlock.



G. E. JUDD. COMBINATION PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20. I9I5.

Patented May 16, 1916.

2 -SHEETSSHEET 1.

l W W I at E. JUDD.

COMBINATION PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20. I915. 1,182,912. Patented May16,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. JUDD, 01 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO ARTHUR W. JUDD, 013 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

COMBINATION-IPADLOCK.

Application filed July 20, 1915.

I '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE E. JUDD, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Los Angelesin the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Combination-Padlock; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the art of locks and latches, and more particularly to an improved combination padlock.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an inexpensive, convenient, and practical combination padlock consisting of as few parts as possible, and which can be set at will to many combinations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a lock of this design which includes a body member having an opening for the reception of two or more concentrically movable disks, the two outermost opposite disks having a plurality of graduations, which may be indicated by letters, numerals, or fractions thereof, there being a shackle to be locked and unlocked by the two in nermost disks, according to certain combi nation of numerals or letters upon the outermost disks.

The invention aims as a further object to provide a. lock of this nature, which may be quickly, readily unlocked or locked in the dark substantially as easily as in the light.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lock which can be disassembled only when unlocked, subsequently to which the combination may be quickly and readily changed at will.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a lock of this character possessing various advantages, namely, efliciency, durability and simplicity in construction and operation and which may be manufactured for a small cost consistent with the efficiency and durability, and the number of parts involved in the construction.

A further objectof the invention is the provision of a lock of this design, which is practically impossible to be unlocked when the combination is not known.

In practical fields the general construction as well as the detail features thereof Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1916.

Serial No. 40,918.

may be subjected to alterations, to which the patentee is entitled, provided the alterations fall within the scope of what is claimed.

The invention comprises further features and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawings and claimed. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the improved combination padlock constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the body member, showing the shackle locked, taken on line 22 of the following Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. i 2 showing the shackle unlocked. Fig. at is a transverse sectional view'on line 4l of Fig. 3. f Fig. 5 illustrates collective views in perspective of the innermost and outermost disks, the innermost disks acting to lock the shackle, while the outermost disks are provided with the combinations and graduations. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on line 66 of Fig. 4, in which view another form of shackle is illustrated, in other words, a shackle which consists of a heavy upper part and a light lower part, the two being swiveled together. Fig. 7 is a detail view in section showing the swiveled connection between the two parts of the shackle shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 illustrates collective views of the two sections of the pivot pin for the disks. Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 9-9 of Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of a key, whereby the padlock may be unlocked in the dark. Fig. 11

is a view in side elevation illustrating an other form of shackle. Fig. 12 is a View in side elevation of a lock illustrating another form of means for insuring the operation of the combination for unlocking the lock. Fig. 13 is a face view of the body member. Fig. 14 is a sectional view on line 16l6 of Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a detail sectional view through a part of one of the disks 5 and through the hollow or tubular post 4:6, showingthe spring tensioned pin 47 in elevation.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, 1 designates a body member of thelock, whichmay be of anysuitablecontour or configuration, and constructed of any suitable material. This body member is provided with a central opening 2, and a longitudinal opening 3, to one side of the cengitudinal opening 3 terminates in an enlarged portion 3 communicating with the circular opening 10. Mounted in the open ing 2 are annular disks l, which carry the disks The disks at are made to fit concentrically and rotate in the opening 2, while the disks 5 (constituting dials) are carried by the disks 1, as will be hereinafter set forth, which disks or dials 5 are designed to rotate adjacent the opposite faces of the body member. The adjacent faces of the disks 4 are provided with radial grooves 6, substantially semicircular in cross section, and when the disks Al are in the opening 2, the radial grooves 6 are in registration, thereby forming a substantially perfect circular opening, to receive the angular end 11 of the shackle 7 (which is mounted in the longitudinal opening 3) when the disks a are in unlocked position, in which case the enlarged portion 3 of the opening 3 receives the part 7 of the shackle. The shackle 7 is constructed from a single rod having its upper portion inverted Ueshaped, as shown at 8, so that the end 12 of the part 8 when in locked position will fit the recess 9 of the body member 1. It is to be noted that the major portion 7 b of the shackle passes through the longitudinal opening 3, and merges into the bent parts 7 a and 11, which parts enter the enlarged portion 3 of the opening 3, and the opening 10, and the registering semi-circular grooves 6 of the disks 4 when unlocked. In other words, when the disks 4; are unlocked the end part 11 of the shackle engages into the opening formed by the grooves 6. WVhen the part 11 so engages the opening formed by the grooves 6, the end 12 of the U-shaped part 8 of the shackle is out of engagement with the recess 9, so that the shackle may be disconnected from the staples of a door and the door frame, or from any other object to which it may be applied. The disks 4 and 5 are pivot-ally mounted upon a transverse bolt or pin 13, as. shown clearly in Figs. 2, 3, a, 6 and 9. This pin or bolt comprises two longitudinal sections 13 each of which in cross section is semicircular, and when these two sections are arranged together as shown clearly in Figs. 3, 4; and 6, a substantially cylindrical bolt or pin is provided. One end of each of the sections is provided with a head ll. In arranging the pin 13 in place as shown in Fig. l, one section thereof is inserted from one side of one of the dials or disks 5, while the other section is inserted from the outer face of the other disk or dial 5 upon the opposite side of the body member 1. In this manner, when the two sections. are thus arranged, a head 14: will be adjacent each of the outer disks or dials 5. The two sections may be secured together, and movable as a unit'with the disks 4; and dials or disks 5, as will be hereinafter set forth. To cause the grooves 6 to register, so that the part 11 will be received by the opening formed by the groove 6, predetermined graduations on each of the dials or disks 5 must be brought opposite the index or pointer 15, one upon each side of the bod member 1. hen this predetermined gra nation is so arranged, the end part 11 of the shackle may enter the registering grooves 6, whereby the end 12 of the shackle is disengaged from the recess 9. However, the proper pro-determined graduations upon both of the dials or disks 5 will be in alinement with both of the indexes or points 15, after which the shackle may be quickly moved in the unlocked position. The body member 1 is provided with one or more openings 16, say for instance three, arranged adjacent the opening 2. These openings 16 are for the reception of coil springs 17, the

ends of which bear against the inner faces of the disks 5, to prevent the same from being accidentally moved, after having been placed in their unlocking positions.

In Fig. 6 a modified form of shackle is illustrated in lieu of the shackle shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The shackle 7 in this figure consists of the two parts 7 and 7 the part 7 being U-shaped (inverted) as shown at 8, and which part is heavier than the part 7 The part 7 may be made as heavy and as strong as desired, and even larger, if necessary, than the lock body 1 is thick. The part 7, is swiveled at 18 to the part 7 so that when the shackle is unlocked, by the part 11 being received by the registering grooves 6, the part 7 may be swung laterally in either direction, in order to engage or disengage with various objects to whichit may be applied. One of the arms of the part or section 7 of the shackle is provided with a threaded extension 19, upon which acap 20 is threaded. This cap 20 has a central opening 21, through which the upper end of the part or section 7 of the shackle extends. The upper end of the part 7 of the shackle is threaded as at 21 to be engaged by the thimble 22, which also has a pin 23 extending through the thimble and the upper threaded end of the part or section 7, so as to more securely hold the thimble in place, and to prevent disconnection of the cap 20, which may turn swivelly when the section or part 7 is swung to one side or the other. Howevenwhen the lower part or section 7 is unlocked, by the end 11 being received in the registering grooves 6, the part or section 7 owing to its swiveled connection may be swung from one side to the other. A pin 24E extends through the cap 20 and the threaded arm of the section or part 7 of the shackle, so that the said section or part cannot be unscrewed from 'the cap.

Illustrated in Fig. 11 is another for f 1. 9

shackle 25, which is in the form of a loop having one side opened, and which is not mounted in any longitudinal opening of the body member 1. In other words, the longitudinal opening 3 in Fig. 11 is eliminated. The end 25 of the loop shackle is axially alined with the end portion 25 The end 25 has a reduced extremity 25, which seats in a recess or opening 27, that is, when the loop shackle is locked. The end 25 of the loop shackle has a reduced extension 28, which enters the opening 10* in Fig. 11, and when the disks 4 and 5 are in unlocked positions, the extension 28 will enter the opening (which is formed by the recesses 6) of the disks 4. The extension 28 in entering this opening, when the loop shackle 25 is moved in the direction of the arrow 9, causes the part 25 to enter the recess 25 which adjoins the opening 10, causing the shoulder 25 to contact with the shoulder 25, thereby limiting the loop shackle in its movement. However, when the disks 4 are in unlocked positions and the extension 28 received by .the opening formed by the registering recesses 6, the loop shackle may also be swung to one side, in either direction, and when swung in this manner the loop shackle may, if so desired, be entirely disconnected from the body member 1 of the lock, by simply lowering the same in the direction of the arrow h. When swung to one side or the other or detached entirely, the loop shackle may be easily disengaged from the object to which it is connected.

As shown in Fig. 10 a suitable key is provided, which may be used to unlock any modified form of this combination lock in the dark, for instance, as a night key, or may be used by persons having defective sight. This key is constructed from a piece of sheet metal having an opening 29, to fit each of the heads 14 of the pin or bolt 13. Projecting laterally from one face of this key 28 at one of its corners is a pin 30, to fit in an opening 31 of the body member. Projecting from the same face, which has the pin 30, at another corner of the key is a conical projection or pin 32, to fit a correspondingly constructed recess or indenture 33 of either one of the disks or dials 5. lVhen using the key, the same is placed so that the opening 29 will receive the head 14 of the bolt or pin 13, with the pin 30 extending toward the body member 1 of the lock. The key or plate is then revolved, using the head 14 as a fulcrum, until the pin 30 will enter the opening 31. The key or plate is held in this position firmly, while the disk or dial 5 is rotated or revolved, at the same time lightly applying pressure on the key or plate adjacent the pin 32. The dial or disk 5 is then revolved or rotated sufficiently, until the projection 32 will enter the indenture or recess 33. This operation of the key or plate is accomplished upon each side of the lock, after which the shackle may be easily released.

It is to be noted that the bolt or pin 13 (which is constructed in sections, each being semi-circular in cross section) hold all the parts of the lock in their operative posi tions. One of the sections 13 of the bolt or pin 13 adjacent its head 14 and the end of the other section 13 remote from its head are provided with registering openings or apertures 38, into which the threaded extension 39 of the pin 39 is threaded, which pin 39 extends angularly through one of the disks 4. The pin 39 upon its end opposite the reduced threaded extension 39 has a slit or groove to receive a screw driver end (not shown), whereby the pin 39 may be rotated, so as to screw into the apertures or openings 38. It will be observed that the lock body member 1 is provided with an angnlarly arranged passage or opening 40, which is threaded, and which extends from 'the recess 9 toward and communicates with the opening 2. This opening or passage 40 is formed relative to the recess 9, so that a threaded plug 41 may be threaded thereinto by way of the recess 9. By virtue of the screw driver, the plug 41, before the shackle, or rather the end 12 thereof, engages the recess 9, may be screwed into the passage or opening 40, thereby preventing access to the pin 39, until the shackle is unlocked. However, after the shackle is unlocked, it is to be noted that the plug 41 may be easily removed, after which the screw driver may be inserted through the passage or opening 40, so that the pin 39 may be removed, thereby permitting the two sections of the bolt 13 to be detached, and allowing the parts of the lock to be disassembled. )Vhen the disks 4 are in unlocking position, it is inevitable that the pin 39 is in alinement with the opening 40, so that a screw driver (not shown) may be received therethrough, for removing the pin 39, and until after the shackle is unlocked so that the pin 39 may be removed, the lock cannot be disassembled. When disassembled, however, the combination of a lock may be easily changed at will. The disks 4 are provided with almost complete annular slots 42. Each slot 42 upon one side of the disks 4 is wider than the same slot upon the outer face of the disk 4, thereby forming a shoulder 42 on the interior of each of the slots. These slots 42 are designed for the reception of the small screws 43, the heads of which engage the shoulders 49/, while their thread ed shan (s are threaded into the disks or dials 5. After the lock is disassembled, the combination of the lock may be easily changed at will, by loosening the screws 43, thereby permitting the disks 4 and 5 to be adjusted relative t-Q each other, order to correspond to some other suitable prede termined graduation, after which the screws may be again tightened. Any other practical met-nod for fastening the disks i and dials 5 together may be employed, so that said disks and dials may be adjusted relative to each other, for changing the combination.

From the foregoing it is apparent that there has been devised a simple, durable, inexpensive, practical and desirable combination lock, whereby a great many combinations may be attained and usedin connection therewith. Further, it is apparent that by the provision of the springs 17 engaging the dials or disks the dials or disks 5 will be frictionally retained against movement, subsequently to having been once adjusted. I ioreover, any suitable form of shackle may be employed, provided one end thereof is designed to engage with the groove 6 or the opening formed thereby, while the other end is designed to engage a stationary part of the lock body member. Any form of night key may be employed, just so long as it embodies the fundamental principles as heretofore set forth. It is to be noted that the lock in any of its modified forms is extremely simple in con netion, and may be placed upon the market at a comparatively low cost.

As shown in Figs. 1, 12, 13, let and 15 another means for operating the lock in the dark is provided, and which means comprises a thimble casing or tubular post l6 threaded into each of the dials adjacent its peripheral edge. Mounted in each casing or post is a pin 17, there being a coil spring 48 hearing against the collar 4:9, and under the tension of said spring one of the ends of the pin is held in engagement with any one of the circular depressions 50, on each of the faces of the body casing. These depressions correspond to the graduations 51 of each of the dials 5, said graduations arranging from 1 to 16 inclusive, and intermediate these graduations are fractional graduations 52, which and the graduations 51 are in accordance with the V-shaped teeth 53 of the dials 5. Secured to each face of the body casing is a pointer or indicator 15, adjacent to which any one of the graduations 51 and 52 is designed to register, when adjusting the dial. in the operation, say for instance, the combination on one of the dials is ten and three quarters, and seven and a half on the other, which when brought opposite the pointer or indicator will cause the grooves 6 to register, then the operator, by grasping the pin 4:7, move the dials until the lugs 56 of the casings or posts 46 contact with the indicator 15, moving toward the right. Then the dial having the combination ten and three quarters is moved toward the left, the pin 4:7 engaging in and out of the circular depressions 50 until the pin 47 clicks ten times. The pointer 15 is then depressed so that the lug 58 thereof slightly engages the tooth adjacent the tenth graduation. The dial then farther moves, the lug 58 of the pointer clicking three times in engagement with three of the teeth between the tenth and the eleventh graduation, thus making ten and three quarters. The other dial is then correspondingly moved until the combination seven and one half is adjacent the other pointer, in which case the grooves 6 will register, so as to receive the part 11 of the shackle to unlock the other end thereof.

The invention having been set forth, what is claimed as new and useful is 1. In a combination lock, a body casing, a shackle having its ends adapted to be locked in engagement with the casing, a multiple of revolubly movable locking members mounted in the casing and having registerable grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle to unlock the other end thereof, a pair of dials carried by the members, a device having a toothed engagementwith the edge of each dial, the casing having an annular arrangement of depressions corresponding to the arrangement of the graduations on the dial, and means carried by each of the dials to engage the depressions consecutively one after the other so that the members may be so moved that the shackle may be unlocked in the dark.

2. In a combination lock, a body casing having a central opening, a substantially C-shaped shackle having its elongated portion passing vertically through the body casing to one side of the central opening, said body casing having its upper and lower portions providedwith diagonally opposite recesses adapted to receive the opposite extreme end portions of the shackle to lock the same, and a pair of revolubly movable locking members having registerable grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle, whereby the other end of the shackle may be unlocked from. its respective recess.

3. In a combination lock, a body casing having a central opening, a substantially C-shaped shackle having its elongated portion passing vertically through the body casing to one side of the central opening, said body casing having its upper and lower portions provided with diagonally opposite recesses adapted to receive the opposite extreme end portions of the shackle to lock the same, and a pair of revolubly movable looking members having registerable grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle, whereby the other end of the shackle may be unlocked from its respective recess, a pin split axially from one end to the other and passing centrally through said revolubly movable locking members, one end of each section of the split pin having a head.

4.. In a combination look, a body casing having a central opening, a substantially C- shaped shackle having its elongated portion passing vertically through the body casing to one side of the central opening, said body casing having its upper and lower portions provided with diagonally opposite recesses adapted to receive the opposite extreme end portions of the shackle to lock the same, and a pair of revolubly movable locking members having registerable grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle, whereby the other end of the shackle may be unlocked from its respective recess, a pin split axially from one end to the other and passing centrally through said revolubly movable looking members, one end of each section of the split pin having a head, and a pin extending radially of one of the movable members and penetrating the sections of the first pin to lock the two sections together.

5. In a combination lock, a body casing having a central opening, a substantially C-shaped shackle having its elongated portion passing vertically through the body casing to one side of the central opening, said body casing having its upper and lower portions provided with diagonally opposite recesses adapted to receive the opposite extreme end portions of the shackle to lock the same, and a pair of revolubly movable looking members having registerable grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle,

whereby the other end of the shackle may be unlocked from its respective recess, a pin split axially from one end to the other and passing centrally through said revolubly movable locking members, one end of each section of the split pin having a head, and a pin extending radially of one of the movable members and penetrating the sections of the first pin to lock the two sections together, and a radial opening in the wall of the body casing alined with the center of said revoluble members and the recess in the top surface of the body casing, adapted to receive an instrument when the shackle is unlocked, to remove the radial pin from one of said revoluble members to permit the split pin to be removed.

6. In a combination lock, a body casing, a shackle mounted in the casing and having its ends adapted to be locked in engagement with the upper and lower faces of the casing, a pair of revolubly movable locking members mounted centrally in said casing and having substantially complete annular slots and provided with radial registerable grooves adapted to receive one end of said shackle, whereby opposite ends may be unlocked from the casing, a pair of dials carried concentrically by the opposite faces of said'revoluble members, a fulcrum pin extending centrally through the dial and the revoluble member, screws extending through said slots from the inner adjacent faces of the revoluble members and threaded into said dials for adjustably mounting the dials upon said revoluble members, so that the shackle may be unlocked upon a combination of predetermined graduations of the dials, and whereby the combination of said pre-determined graduations may be changed,*said fulcrum pin being split axially from end to end, and an auxiliary pin extending radially of one of the revoluble members and penetrating the sections of the fulcrum pin to hold the fulcrum pin in place.

7. In a combination lock, a body casing, a shackle mounted in the casing and having its ends adapted to be locked in engagement with the upper and lower faces of the casing, a pair of revolubly movable locking members mounted centrally in said casing and having substantially complete annular slots and provided with radial registerable grooves adapted to receive one end of said shackle, whereby opposite ends may be unlocked from the casing, a pair of dials carried concentrically by the opposite faces of said revoluble members, a fulcrum pin extending centrally through the dial and the revoluble member, screws extending through said slots from the inner adjacent faces of the revoluble members and threaded into said dials for adjustably mounting the dials upon said revoluble members, so that the shackle may be unlocked upon a combination of predetermined graduations of the dials, and whereby the combination of said pie-determined graduations may be changed, said fulcrum pin being split axially from end to end, and an auxiliary pin extending radially of one of the revoluble members and penetrating the sections of the fulcrum pin to hold the fulcrum pin in place, the upper face of the casing having a recess in which one end of the shackle is adapted to be locked, and an opening formed in the wall of the casing extending from the recess in the top of the casing radially toward the center of the revoluble member adapted to receive an instrument whereby the radial pin of one of the revoluble members may be removed when the shackle is unlocked.

8. In a combination look, a body casing having a central opening, a shackle movable transversely of the casing and having its ends adapted to be locked in engagement with said casing, a pair of revoluble movable locking members mounted in the central opening of the casing and having registerable radiating grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle whereby the other end may be unlocked from the casing, a sectional fulcrum pin to hold said members together, a recess in the top face of the easing in which one end of the shackle is I adapted to be locked, and an opening in the Wall of the casing extending from the recess in the top face of the casing radially toward the center of the revoluble members, and a device insertible through said opening into one or the revoluble members to secure the sections of the fulcrum pin togeth r, whereby the members cannot be disassembled until the shackle is unlocked.

9. In a combination lock, a body casing a shackle having its ends adapted to be locked in engagement with the casing, a pair of revolubly movable locking members mounted centrally in said casing and having registerable radial grooves for the reception of one end of the shackle to unlock the other end thereof, a fulcruming pin extending centrally through the members for holding them together, each of said mem-' Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

